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An accent mark placed above a variable to denote a time derivative or rate of change in physics and calculus.

\dot{a} image

Examples

Time derivative notation (velocity)

\dot{x} = \frac{dx}{dt}

System of differential equations

\begin{cases} \dot{x} = 2x + y \\ \dot{y} = -x + 3y \end{cases}

Newton's second law in mechanics

F = m\dot{v} = m\ddot{x}